Efficacy of Iv Metoclopramide and Ondansetron for The Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (Ponv) In Cesarean Section

Abstract

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and distressing complication following cesarean sections, particularly under spinal anesthesia. The occurrence of PONV can lead to delayed recovery, discomfort, and increased healthcare costs. Ondansetron and metoclopramide are widely used antiemetics, but their relative efficacy in preventing PONV remains debated.
Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) ondansetron and IV metoclopramide in preventing PONV in patients undergoing cesarean sections. The study also evaluates whether a combination of these drugs provides superior results compared to monotherapy.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Surgimed Hospital, Lahore, including 100 patients undergoing cesarean sections. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either IV ondansetron(4mg) or IV metoclopramide (10 mg) postoperatively. PONV incidence was assessed using a standardized nausea rating scale at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included the need for rescue antiemetics, patient satisfaction, and side effects.
Results: Patients receiving IV ondansetron showed a significantly lower incidence of nausea and vomiting with in the first 24 hours postoperatively compared to those receiving IV metoclopramide. Additionally, fewer patients in the ondansetron group required rescue antiemetics. Side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness were slightly higher in the metoclopramide group.
Conclusion: Ondansetron demonstrated greater efficacy in preventing PONV after cesarean sections than metoclopramide. While both drugs were well tolerated, ondansetron provided superior relief with fewer adverse effects. Further research is recommended to explore combination therapy for enhanced PONV prevention.