Statistical Analysis of Domestic Violence Patterns in Rural vs Urban Pakistan

Abstract

Domestic violence is a serious social and social health challenge which is taking place in Pakistan and there is a difference affecting its rates and trends in rural and urban areas. This paper seeks to undertake statistical examination of the trends of domestic violence by comparing the demographic, socioeconomic and cultural variables of the incidences of domestic violence among the rural and urban community. The secondary sources used data on cross-sectional research design (national surveys) were supplemented by primary data (structured questionnaires) gathered among 300 participants (150 rural, 150 urban). The relationship between domestic violence and education, income level, employment status, and family structure was studied using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and logistic regression models. According to the findings, domestic violence is also more commonly reported in rural communities because it is mainly caused by the traditional gender norms, low levels of literacy, and access to legal support services. On the contrary, city population has, comparatively, lower prevalence and higher rates of reporting, due to better awareness and availability of support institutions. Significant relationships were determined between domestic violence and education level of women (p < 0.05), household income (p < 0.01), and family system type (p < 0.05). The paper emphasizes the role of specific policy measures, awareness efforts, and better access to legal and social support networks, especially in the rural regions. It concludes that structural inequalities and gender equity would need to be tackled when it comes to the reduction of domestic violence in Pakistan.