Challenges of Energy Management System within Smart Grid

Abstract

Due to energy crises and global attitude to “go green” have encouraged to integrate more and more Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) electricity generating units into the Smart Grid (SG). However, the intermittent nature of RESs, time varying load, and electricity price brings new challenges for the researchers to attain the demand-supply balance for the stable operation of SG. Hence, to cope with these challenges an Energy Management System (EMS) is an effective solution that balances the demand supply graph, exchanges or share energy between different Distributed Energy Generators (DGs), and supply energy to load economically. Hence, in this work, a brief description of EMS operation and functionality is provided, Moreover, a comprehensive review of different EMS challenges such as control, distribution, hardware, network, and security and privacy are highlighted and discussed in detail. This review will help the researchers and engineers to consider different challenges before developing and EMS.