Impact of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders on Visual Performance among UniversityStudents

Abstract

Background It is common for TMJ to cause headache but most of us ignore the fact that people with TMD may have vision impairment or TMD is the root source of vision impairment in people. Because TMJ is connected to the skull, ligament, nerves and muscle, so it can have an effect on your vision.There are several factors that lead to vision impairment like cataract, diabetic retinopathy, retinal disorder, TMD and macular degeneration. Aims: To find out association of visionary insufficiency and TMJ disorder. Methodology: This was a Cross-sectional study. There are 100 health science students from different universities. Out of which 82 questionnaires were enrolled after screening. Different eye test were performed on each participant to identify visionary problem other than hyperopia and myopia. Data was collected with the help of standardized questionnaire was analyzed with the help of SPSS-21 software. Results: Chi-square test was use to compare the data ,1.2% people have Asymmetry. 31.7% people had joint pain while 26.8% people had muscle pain. 50% people presented with headache while 39.0% presented with neck pain. 67.1% people have visionary insufficiency with correction while 32.9% have visionary insufficiency without correction. The results of corneal bright reflex test showed that 65.9% normal near view while 34.1% have blur near view. 68.3% have normal far view while 31.7% have blur far view. Only 6.1% people are presented with hypo function ocular mobility. No any person is presented with abnormal head position. Conclusion: Overall TMD is related to vision insufficiency. According to data there is a positive relation of TMD with vision impairment. Some of our participants shown the effect of TMD on vision and some shown no effect.