Exploring the Long-Term Effects of Early Specialization vs. Multi-Sport Participation in Youth Athletes

Abstract

The study aims to better understand how participation in youth sport, specifically early specialization versus multi-sport, potentially influences long-term physical health and well-being among elite athletes. Early specialization, or intensive training in one sport and exclusion of participation with other sports at a young age for the intent of high performance does not only increase risk to overuse injury but is also associated with increased burnout. Alternatively, participation in multiple sports diversifies physical activities leading to well-rounded athleticism and lower injuries thereby allowing for a high state of motivation & enjoyment. Utilizing a variety of research methods- including literature review and interviews with former youth athletes - the study offers informed suggestions for stakeholders to help encourage comprehensive development in aspiring Canadian athletes, as well as maintain this training long into their athletic careers.

Keywords: Youth sport participation, Early specialization, Multi-sport participation, Long-term physical health, Well-being of elite athletes, Overuse injury, Burnout, Diversified physical activity